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Cotoneaster

The Cotoneasters are a large genus of 200 species of shrubs or small trees that are part of the larger Rose family and are mostly native to eastern Asia though some are native as far west as Europe. None are native to the Southern Hemisphere or North America though often grown there. They are used for anything from specimen trees, hedging and groundcover and are excellent for areas where wild fires are common because living Cotoneasters are not very flammable.
Most prefer full sun though some of the taller evergreen types grow well in partial shade as well. All prefer moderately fertile and well drained soil, they do tolerate salt, wind and drought. Evergreen types grow better on sites that are sheltered from driving winter wind, they will much appreciate the shelter of a wall or evergreen trees. Cotoneasters do not enjoy root disturbance so it is recommended to plant them small while dormant on their permanent sites. Cotoneasters can be prone to fire blight, which can enter fresh pruning cuts so it is best to prune during late autumn while dormant. Lacebugs and Spider Mites may also occur but only rarely.
Propagation can be from seed which germinates best if collected when ripe, soaked in sulfuric acid for 2 hours then cold water for 15 minutes then sown immediately.
The cultivars are propagated from
a) deciduous types - half hardened cuttings taken in early summer
b) evergreen types - half hardened cuttings taken in late summer

Cuttings are generally easy to root in sand or perlite mixture with mist.

* photos of unknown internet source



Cotoneaster acutifolius ( Peking Cotoneaster )
An extremely hardy vigorous shrub reaching up to 10 feet that is native to China. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; largest on record - 13 x 13 feet.
The foliage is deep green and up to 4.5 x 2 inches in size.
The fruits are black.
Hardy zones 2 to 7 in full sun on fertile, well drained soil.

* photo taken on August 3 2010 @ University of Guelph Arboretum, Ontario


Cotoneaster acuminatus ( Hedge Cotoneaster )
A deciduous large shrub or small tree, reaching around 20 feet, that is native to the Himalayas.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 33 feet with a trunk diameter of 20 inches.
The oval leaves, up to 5 ( averaging 2 ) inches in length.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by red fruit.
Hardy zones 5 to 9

Cotoneaster adpressus ( Creeping Cotoneaster )
A low spreading, deciduous shrub native to western China.
Some records include: 10 years - 3 x 6 feet; largest on record - 40 inches x 7 feet.
After many decades, it may grow even wider due to its branches that root as they touch the soil. A beautiful plant when used in a large rock garden.
The wavy-edged, rounded leaves, up to 0.6 inches, are very glossy deep green, turning to deep red in autumn.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by scarlet-red fruit, up to 0.5 inches across, in fall.
Hardy zones 3 to 7

Cotoneaster affinis ( Purpleberry Cotoneaster )
A fast growing, arching, deciduous large shrub to small tree, reaching up to 18 feet.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 10 years - 20 x 20 feet; largest on record - 20 x 20 feet ( larger may be possible with extreme age ).
The elliptical leaves, up to 4 x 2 inches, are deep green.
The profuse white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by purple-black fruit.
Hardy zones 7 to 9

Cotoneaster amoenus ( Beautiful Cotoneaster )
A moderate growing, dense, compact, evergreen shrub native to China.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 10 years - 5 x 5 feet; largest on record - 12 x 8 feet.
The taper-pointed, oval leaves, up to 1 x 0.5 inches, are glossy green above, woolly white beneath.
The white to pink flowers are borne in upright clusters during late spring.
They are followed by red fruit.
Hardy zones 6 to 9

Cotoneaster apiculatus ( Cranberry Cotoneaster )
A fast growing, spreading, deciduous shrub, native to Sichuan province in China.
Some records include: 10 years - 3 x 6 feet; largest on record - 6.5 x 8 feet.
The wavy-edged, rounded leaves, up to 0.7 inches, are glossy mid green above, slightly hairy beneath. The foliage turns red-purple in fall.
The solitary white to deep pink flowers are borne during late spring.
They are followed by red fruit.
Hardy zones 4 to 7 tolerating as low as -32 F. Drought tolerant.


* photo taken on October 15 2010 in Crownsville, MD



* photo taken on Aug 25 2013 in Howard Co., MD


Cotoneaster bullatus ( Rehders Cotoneaster )
Also called Hollyberry Cotoneaster. A vigorous, very large, open, arching, deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub native to western China.
Some records include: 10 years - 13 x 10 feet; largest on record - 27 x 15 feet.
The deeply-veined, oval leaves, up to 6 x 3 inches, are very glossy, mid green; turning to intense scarlet-red in fall.
The white flowers are borne in clusters, up to 2 inches across, during late spring.
They are followed by very showy, pinkish-red fruit borne in large clusters.
Hardy zones 4 to 8

Cotoneaster buxifolius ( Boxwood Cotoneaster )
A medium size evergreen shrub native to northern India.
Some records include: 10 years - feet;largest on record - 13 x 8 feet.
The oval leaves, up to 0.5 inches, are hairy dull green above, densely felted gray beneath.
The white flowers are borne in dense clusters during late spring.
They are followed by deep red fruit.
Hardy zones 7 to 10 tolerating as low as -10 F. Drought tolerant.

Cotoneaster cochleatus ( Kashmir Cotoneaster )
A slow growing, very dense, low spreading, rigid branched, evergreen shrub that is native to western China. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 10 years - feet; largest on record - 2 .5 x 7 feet. The plant may spread beyond this size after many decades due the branches that sometimes root as they trail.
The thick, oval leaves, up to 0.7 inches, are hairy at first, turning to glossy deep green.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by showy, deep red fruits that persist well into winter.
Hardy zones 6 to 8

Cotoneaster congestus ( Congested Cotoneaster )
Also called Cotoneaster pyrenaicus. A low, dense, mounding, spreading, small, evergreen shrub native to the Himalayas.
Some records include: 10 years - 4 inches x 1 foot; largest on record - 3.5 x 6.5 feet. It is an excellent choice for rock gardens. The small, oval leaves, up to 0.5 inches in length, are bright green to blue-green above, lightly hairy beneath.
The pinkish-white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by scarlet-red fruit.
Hardy zones 5 to 9 tolerating as low as -20 F

Cotoneaster conspicuus ( Tibetan Cotoneaster )
A dense mounding, evergreen shrub native to western China and Tibet.
Some records include: 10 years - 6.5 x 10 feet; largest on record - 10 x 13 feet.
The spirally arranged, oblong leaves, up to 1 x 0.5 inches, are glossy very deep green.
The mostly solitary, white flowers are borne during late spring.
They are followed by glossy red fruit.
Hardy zones 5 to 9 in full sun to partial shade.

Decorus
Slow growing and lower in habit. Some records include: 10 years - 4 x 10 feet; largest on record - feet.

Red Glory
Vigorous and erect in habit, reaching up to 6 feet.

Cotoneaster cooperi ( Coopers Cotoneaster )
A rapid growing, low, creeping, evergreen shrub that is native to Bhutan at elevations around 11000 feet. It makes a great groundcover or plant for the rock garden. Some records include: 10 years - 0.5 x 6 feet; largest on record - 3 x 25 feet.
The tiny, rounded leaves are luxuriant deep green.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by purple fruit.
The very rigid twigs are red.
Hardy zones 5 to 9

Cotoneaster cuspidatus ( Tibetan Cotoneaster )
A rare, moderate growing, spreading, semi-evergreen shrub reaching up to 6 x 6 feet, that is native to Tibet.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - feet.
The small rounded leaves are glossy deep green, turning fiery orange and red in autumn.
The deep pink flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by masses of glossy red fruit during autumn.
Hardy zones 7 to 9 in full sun to partial shade.

Cotoneaster dammmeri ( Bearberry Cotoneaster )
A very fast growing, low spreading, evergreen shrub that is native to the Hubei Province in China. Some records include: 10 years - 3 x 6.5 feet; largest on record - 40 inches x 20 feet. An excellent groundcover for large commercial sites.
The deeply-veined, oblong leaves, up to 1.3 inches in length, are glossy deep green. The foliage is evergreen to -10 F.
The white flowers are borne in singly or in small clusters during late spring.
They are followed by scarlet-red fruit.
Hardy zones 4 to 8, in very cold climates thriving best with deep winter snowcover. During severe winters with no snowfall it will usually regenerate from the base even if the tips dieback.

Coral Beauty
Orange-red berries

* photo taken on October 15 2010 in Howard County, MD

* photo taken on Oct 17 2011 in Columbia, MD


Lowfast ( Tom Thumb Cotoneaster )
Very low growing and dwarf, reaching up to 8 inches x 3 feet in 10 years, eventually to 1 x 10 feet. The glossy green, semi-evegreen leaves turn brilliant red in late fall. Hardy zones 4 to 7, struggling in zone 8 in the eastern U.S.

* photo taken on October 15 2010 in Howard County, MD


Major
More vigorous with larger, rounded leaves, up to 1.5 inches in length.

Skogholm ( Bearberry Cotoneaster )
Very rapid growing and wider spreading.
Some records include: 10 years - 3 x 10 feet; largest on record - 3 x 27 feet.

Cotoneaster dielsianus ( Diels Cotoneaster )
An open, deciduous to semi-evergreen medium size shrub, native to China.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 10 x 10 feet.
The leathery, oval leaves, up to 1.5 x 1 inches, are glossy deep green, turning red in autumn.
The pinkish-white flowers are borne in small clusters of up to 7, during late spring.
They are followed by glossy deep red fruit.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 tolerating as low as -20 F

Cotoneaster divaricatus ( Spreading Cotoneaster )
A very rapid growing, handsome, bushy, upright to arching, large deciduous shrub native to China.
Some records include: 10 years - 6.5 c 6.5 feet; largest on record - 17 x 13 feet.
Spreading Cotoneaster makes an excellent hedge or screen.
The oval leaves, up to 1.3 x 0.7 inches, are glossy deep green with long lasting, red-purple to flourescent-red fall color.
The pink flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by profuse scarlet-red fruit, up to 0.5 inches, that persist well into December and sometimes even late winter.
The stems are purple.
Hardy zones 4 to 7 in full sun or partial shade ( may even tolerate shade ) on well drained soil. Drought tolerant. It thrives especially well in the Midwest. Very tolerant of pruning and makes an excellent screen or hedge. It can be prone to fireblight and oystershell scale on some sites.
Propagation is from softwood cuttings taken during summer and seed sown in autumn.

* photos taken on Aug 2 2013 in Stratford, Ontario


Cotoneaster Exbury
A vigorous, arching large evergreen shrub.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 17 x 17 feet.
The deeply-veined, taper-pointed, lance-shaped leaves, up to 5 x 1 inches, are deep green.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by yellow fruit.
Hardy zones 6 to 8

Cotoneaster franchetii ( Orange Cotoneaster )
Also called Cotoneaster sternianus. A fast growing, erect, gracefully lightly-weeping, evergreen large shrub that is native to western China and nearby parts of Burma. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 44 inches; 10 years - 10 x 10 feet; largest on record - 17 x 13 feet.
The attractive, oval leaves, up to 2.5 inches in length, are glossy bright green to gray-green above, thickly felted white beneath, turning to red in autumn.
The small, pinkish-white flowers are borne in clusters ( up to 3.2 inches across ) of up to 15 during late spring.
They are followed by profuse, oblong, scarlet-red fruit, up to 0.5 inches in length.
The berries ripen during early autumn and sometimes persist into late winter or early spring.
Hardy zones 5b to 9 in full sun to partial shade on well drained soil, it thrives in the southeastern U.S. where most Cotoneasters do not grow.
Tolerant of drought, heat, strong winds and poor soil. Propagated from semi-ripe cuttings taken during summer.

Cotoneaster frigidus ( Himalayan Tree Cotoneaster )
A medium size, deciduous to semi-evergeen tree native to the Himalayas.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 4 feet; 10 years - 27 x 17 feet; largest on record - 60 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 2.5 feet
The wavy-edged, oval leaves, up to 6 x 3 inches, are matte deep green above, whitish & woolly beneath.
The white flowers, up to 0.5 inches wide, are borne in large dense, hanging clusters, up to 4 inches across, during late spring.
They are followed by heavy clusters of scarlet-red fruit.
The bark is silvery, flaking with age.
Hardy zones 6 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on fertile, well drained soil. Drought tolerant. It may be prone to Fire Blight in some areas.
Young trees are prune to a single leader and feathered. Thinning and pruning can be done in March. Overgrown plants can be cut back hard during early spring.

Cornubia
A very vigorous, leafy, semi-evergreen, spreading small tree that is also useful for screening. Some records include: 10 years - 17 x 17 feet; largest on record - 50 x 50 feet with a trunk diameter of 2 feet. Some records include: fastest growth rate - 3 feet.
The lance-shaped to oval leaves, up to 6 inches in length, are glossy deep green, turning to bronze in winter.
The small white flowers are borne in dense large clusters during late spring.
They are followed by very profuse, small, rounded, scarlet-red fruit, persisting through winter.
Hardy zones 6 to 9

Fructu Luteo
Yellow fruit

Notcutts Variety
Large deep green leaves.

Pendulous
Very weeping branches.

Saint Monica
The semi-evergreen leaves are very large, up to 10 inches in length. The fruits are borne in large drooping clusters.
Some records include: 10 years - 20 x 15 feet; largest on record - 33 x 33 feet with a trunk diameter of 15 inches

Cotoneaster glabratus ( Glabrous Cotoneaster )
A native to Sichuan, Guizhous, Hubei and Yunnan Provinces in China, forming a very large, graceful weeping shrub, reaching over 20 feet in 20 years.
Some records include: largest on record -
The taper pointed, oblanceolate, evergreen leaves, up to 4 x 1.5 inches, are very glossy bright green above, bluish-white beneath.
The white flowers are borne in dense terminal clusters, up to 1.6 inches across.
They are followed by small, orange-red berries that are borne in large showy clusters.
Hardy zones 6 to 7 and thrives in the Pacific Northwest. Thrives in full sun to partial shade and is tolerant of drought and heavy root competition. It is not bothered by Fire Blight.

Cotoneaster glaucophyllus ( Chinese Blue Cotoneaster )
Also called Cotoneaster serotinus. A moderate growing, semi-evergreen to evergreen shrub or small tree, reaching up to 10 x 18 feet that is native to Yunnan Province in China. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; largest on record - 30 x 32 feet.
The deeply veined, oval leaves, up to 3 x 1.5 inches, are deep green above, white beneath.
The white flowers are borne in cymes during summer.
They are followed by orange fruit.
Hardy zones 5 to 8 in full sun.

Meiophyllus
A rare, vigorous, large, semi-evergreen shrub, reaching up to 16 x 16 feet or more, with foliage that is pinkish at first, turning to deep green. The small, glossy, scarlet-red berries persist well into winter.
Tough and disease resistant, has great potential for the maritime Pacific Northwest.

Cotoneaster henryanus ( Henry Cotoneaster )
A graceful, weeping, semi-evergreen to evergreen small tree that is native to central China. Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 20 x 36 feet. The branches are up to 18 feet long and can be trained onto a trellis.
The pointed, oval leaves, up to 5 x 1.5 inches, are rough deep green above, woolly gray beneath.
The small white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by deep red fruit.
Hardy zones 7 to 8

Cotoneaster x hessei
A small shrub reaching a maximum size of 1.5 x 3 feet.
The oval leaves, up to inches,
The white flowers are borne in clusters during spring.
They are followed by fruit.
Hardy zones 4 to 7. Resistant to fireblight and spider mites.

Cotoneaster hissaricus ( Circular Leaved Cotoneaster )
An erect shrub reaching a maximum height of 6 feet, that is native from Iran to India.
The rounded leaves, are deep green above, woolly white beneath.
The profuse white flowers are borne in clusters during early summer.
They are followed by small fruit that are red-purple, ripening to black.
The young stems are densely gray hairy.
Hardy zones 10

Cotoneaster horizontalis ( Rockspray Cotoneaster )
A very dense, herringbone-branched, medoim size, spreading, deciduous to semi-evergreen shrub native to western China. Some records include: 10 years - 2 x 8 feet; largest on record - 5 x 17 feet. When grown against a wall with support, it may reach higher, up to 9 feet.
The rounded leaves, up to 0.5 inches, are glossy deep green, turning to purplish-red in late autumn. The foliage is early to emerge in spring. In mild climates it may become evergreen.
The small, single or paired, pink flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by masses of rounded, scarlet-red fruit during autumn, lasting into winter.
Hardy zones 4 to 7 in full sun to partial shade. It hates root disturbance and must be transplanted while small. Propagation is from softwood cuttings taken during summer or seed sown during autumn.

* photos of unknown internet source


* photo taken on June 23 2013 @ U.S. National Arboretum, Washington, DC


Robusta
Upright and vigorous, reaching a maximum height of 6 feet. The larger foliage, up to 0.8 inches in length, turns to scarlet-red in autumn. The fruit is rose-red.

Variegata
The very attractive foliage is edged in creamy-white turning to pink and rosy-red in autumn. The berries are red. It can reach up to 3 x 8 feet in 10 years, eventually more.

Cotoneaster hupehensis ( Hupeh Cotoneaster )
A very handsome, medium to large size, deciduous shrub native to China.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 10 x 15 feet.
The oval leaves, up to 1.7 x 1 inches, are deep green, turning to bright yellow in autumn.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during spring.
They are followed by fruit.
Hardy zones 4 to 8

Cotoneaster Hybridus Pendulus
A vigorous, semi-evergreen to evergreen shrub that is the hybrid between Cotoneaster dammeri & C. frigidus. Some records include: 10 years - 1 x 10 feet; largest on record - 7 x 10 feet. It is often grafted on a straight trunk of C. frigidus to form a graceful weeping standard tree.
The elliptical leaves, up to 3.2 x 1.3 inches, are deep green.
The white flowers are borne in small clusters during late spring.
They are followed by profuse round, scarlet-red fruit, persisting well into winter.
Hardy zones 5 to 9

Cotoneaster insignis
A small semi-evergreen tree that is native to Iran, Afghanistan and Turkestan.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 20 feet.
The rounded leaves, up to 2 inches, are white beneath.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during spring.
They are followed by blue-black fruit.
Hardy zones 6 to 9

Cotoneaster integerrimus ( European Cotoneaster )
A large shrub reaching around 10 feet that is native to Europe and western Asia. Some record include: fastest recorded growth rate - 22 inches; 10 years - 10 x 10 feet; largest on record - 12 x 15 feet.
The deciduous leaves are oval and up to 2 x 1 inch in size. The foliage is mid green above and felted below. The European Cotoneaster leafs out early in spring and remains in leaf until late in autumn.
The flowers are white with a pink tinge and are borne in spring. They are followed by round red berries in autumn.
Hardy zones 2 to 5; it is even known to thrive in North Dakota and tolerate -43 F or annual rainfall as low as 10 inches. This Cotoneaster is also blight resistant.
I have never seen this Cotoneaster in the Mid Atlantic however is suspect it is not meant for warm climates.

* photos of unknown source on internet


Cotoneaster lacteus ( Late Cotoneaster )
A very vigorous, dense, arching, evergreen large shrub, that is native to Yunnan Province in China. It makes a great informal hedge or windbreak.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 10 years - 10 x 10 feet; largest on record - 27 x 27 feet with a trunk diameter of 15 inches.
The deeply-veined, leathery, oval leaves, up to 3.3 x 1 inches, are deep green above, densely felted white beneath.
The small, creamy-white flowers are borne in dense clusters, up to 3.2 inches across, during early to mid summer.
They are followed by red fruits that persist into late winter.
Hardy zones 3 to 7 in full sun to partial shade on well drained soil. It is resistant to fireblight and is among the best Cotoneasters for use in the southeast U.S. Tolerant of heat, smog, salt, drought and poor soil.
Propagation is from semi-ripe cuttings taken during summer.

Cotoneaster linearifolius ( Thyme Cotoneaster )
A dwarf low growing, evergreen shrub native to Nepal.
Some records include: 10 years - 1.3 x 4 feet;largest on record - 3 x 8 feet.
The narrow leaves, up to 0.3 inches, are glossy deep green above, gray beneath.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during early summer.
They are followed by persistent deep pink fruit.
Hardy zones 5 to 9

Cotoneaster lucidus ( Hedge Cotoneaster )
Also called Shiny Cotoneaster. A moderate growing, large deciduous shrub native to Siberia. It makes an excellent hedge and screen.
Some records include: 10 years - 10 x 10 feet;largest on record - 16 x 10 feet.
The oval leaves, up to 3 x 1 inches, are glossy deep green turning to red in autumn.
The pale pink flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by black fruit, up to 0.5 inches.
The bark is tan color with lenticels.
Hardy zones 2b to 7. This Cotoneaster can be pruned heavily and also grown as a hedge. Very tolerant of windy sites. It may be prone to leaf spot and fire blight where summmers are too hot and humid.

Cotoneaster marginatus ( Fringed Cotoneaster )
An upright arching evergreen shrub that is native to the Himalayas.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 5 feet; 10 years - feet;largest on record - 3.5 feet.
The very small, elliptical leaves, up to 0.7 inches, are bristly hairy beneath.
The white flowers are borne in clusters of 2 to 8 during late spring.
They are followed by deep red fruit.
Hardy zones 7 to 10

Cotoneaster microphyllus ( Littleleaf Cotoneaster )
A moderate growing, low, dense, spreading to mounding, evergreen shrub that is native to the Himalayas. Some records include: 10 years - 3 x 8 feet; largest on record - 40 inches x 20 feet ( as tall as 5 feet if planted against a wall ).
The Littleleaf Cotoneaster is an excellent groundcover for large areas such as banks.
The thick, oval leaves, up to 0.5 inches, are hairy at first, turning to glossy deep green above, woolly beneath.
The tiny white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring and early summer.
They are followed by deep red fruit which persist into March.
Hardy zones 4 to 7

Cotoneaster moupinensis ( Moupin Cotoneaster )
A large shrub, very similar to Cotoneaster bullatus, that is native to China.
Some records include: 10 years - 10 x 10 feet; largest on record - 17 feet.
The oval leaves, up to 3 inches, are deep green above, downy beneath.
The pink flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by fruit that are pink, eventually ripening to black.
Hardy zones 5 to 8

Cotoneaster multiflorus ( Showy Cotoneaster )
A moderate growing, arching to slightly weeping, deciduous large shrub to small tree, reaching around 20 x 15 feet, that is native to Siberias Altai Mountains and western China.
Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 10 years - feet; largest on record - 30 x 17 feet.
The oval leaves, up to 2.5 x 1.5 inches, are deep blue-green.
The very profuse, white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by very abundant, red fruit.
Hardy zones 3 to 7 in full sun on rich, very well drained soil. Very pest resistant, it is also very clay tolerant.

Calocarpus
Large leaves and very profuse clusters of red berries during autumn.

Granatensis
Foliage is downy beneath. The white flowers are followed by clusters of red berries.

Cotoneaster nanshan ( Nanshan Cotoneaster )
Also called Cotoneaster adpressus var. praecox. A vigorous, arching spreading, deciduous ( evergreen in mild climates ) shrub native to western China.
Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 6 x 10 feet.
After many decades, it may grow even wider due to its branches that root as they touch the soil.
The rounded leaves, up to 1 inch, are very glossy deep green, turning to scarlet-red in autumn.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during late spring.
They are followed by scarlet-red fruit, up to 0.5 inches across, in fall.
Hardy zones 4 to 7, requiring mulch or deep snowcover during winter in zone 4.
* photos taken on Aug 25 2013 @ University of Maryland, College Park


Cotoneaster pannosus ( Silverleaf Cotoneaster )
A vigorous, semi-evergreen to evergreen shrub, reaching around 15 feet, that is native to China. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 4.5 feet; 10 years - feet; largest on record - 20 x 13 feet. It has become a non-native noxious weed in Hawaii.
The oval leaves, up to 2 x 0.5 inches, are dull green above, white hairy beneath.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during early summer.
They are followed by slightly woolly, bright red fruit. The fruits are loved by birds.
Hardy zones 6 to 10

Cotoneaster perpusillus
Previously known as Cotoneaster horizontalis Saxatilis and it is closely related to C. horizontalis but now considered a separate species rather than regional clone. A moderate growing, dense, low growing, domed, deciduous, groundcover shrub, rarely over 1.5 feet in height, that is native to Hubei Province in China. Some records include: 10 years - feet;largest on record - 2.5 x 8 feet. Does not have as much of the herringbone branching habit as C. horizontalis.
The very small, rounded leaves, up to 0.3 inches, are deep green, turning scarlet-red very late in fall.
The white flowers with pink tints, are borne in clusters during late spring
They are followed by sparse, rounded, orange to scarlet-red fruit.
The stems are brownish-purple.
Hardy zones 4 to 7, it was discovered growing amongst large boulders above tree line in 1908 by botanist and plant explorer E.H. Wilson. It is both heat and drought tolerant. Dieback may occur from voles eating the bark from the stems.

Cotoneaster potanini
Some records include: largest on record - 20 feet with a trunk diameter of 9 inches

Cotoneaster procumbens ( Streibs Findling Cotoneaster )
A fast growing, very low, spreading, evergreen to semi-evergreen, groundcover shrub native from the Himalayas to China. Some records include: 10 years - feet; largest on record - 16 inches x 7 feet
The round leaves, up to 0.8 inches in length, are purple at first, turning to deep green.
The solitary white flowers are borne in clusters during early spring
They are followed by red fruit during fall.
Hardy zones 5 to 8

Cotoneaster racemiflorus ( Redbead Cotoneaster )
A moderate growing, spectacular deciduous shrub native from southern Europe to the Himalayas and northern Africa. Some records include: 10 years - 8 x 8 feet;largest on record - 17 x 17 feet.
The oval leaves, up to 3 inches in length, are hairy gray-green above, white velvety beneath.
The white flowers are borne in umbels during summer.
They are followed by profuse persistent rose-pink to bright red fruits.
The stems are slender and downy.
Hardy zones 3 to 7

Cotoneaster Rothschildianus
A vigorous, spreading, large, evergreen shrub. It may be a variety of Cotoneaster frigidus rather than a hybrid.
Some records include: 10 years - 17 x 17 feet;largest on record - 30 x 30 feet
The elliptical leaves, up to 6 x 1.3 inches, are mid green.
The white flowers are borne in clusters during summer.
They are followed by clusters of round, light yellow berries.
Hardy zones 5 to 8

Cotoneaster salicifolius ( Willowleaf Cotoneaster )
A vigorous, spreading, semi-evergreen to evergreen large shrub native to China reaching around 12 feet or sometimes much larger when trained as a small tree. The Willowleaf Cotoneaster has a graceful habit resulting from its thin arching branches.Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 4 feet; 10 years - 17 x 17 feet; largest on record - 33 x 33 feet with a trunk diameter of 6 inches.
The wrinkled, deeply veined, pointed, lance shaped leaves are up to 4 x 1 inches in size. The foliage is deep glossy green above and white felted below.
The profuse white flowers are borne in large corymbs in late spring. They are followed by round, shiny red berries, up to 0.25 inches, in autumn and persisting into winter.
Hardy zones 5 to 8, tolerating as low as - 20 F


* photos of unknown source on internet






Autumn Fire
Low and spreading in habit with very profuse red berries.
Some records include: 10 years - 20 inches x 8 feet; largest on record - 7 x 13 feet.

Floccosus
Graceful and very pendulous, it can be trained as a tree. Some records include: 10 years - 17 x 17 feet; largest on record - 23 feet.
The foliage is glossy green above, gray-white beneath.
The flowers as well as the berries in fall, are very profuse.

Gnom
A dense, very low growing form, that makes a great groundcover. Some records include: 10 years - 2 x 8 feet.

Repens
Low spreading, groundcover form, reaching only 3 feet in height.
The foliage is often reddish at first.

* photos taken on May 14 2012 in Columbia, MD
* photos taken on May 26 2013 in Columbia, MD


Scarlet Leader
Reaches up to 2 x 15 feet. The foliage is scarlet-red at first, turning to green.

Cotoneaster serotinus
A vigorous evergreen small tree reaching around 23 feet, that is native to western China.
Some records include: 10 years - 10 x 10 feet; largest on record - 33 x 13 feet with at trunk diameter of 13 inches.
The oval leaves, up to 3.2 inches in length, are deep green above, gray felted beneath.
The white flowers are borne in large corymbs, up to 3.2 inches across, during mid to late summer.
They are followed by very persistent bright red berries.
Hardy zones 6 to 10

Cotoneaster simonsii ( Simons Cotoneaster )
A handsome, vigorous, upright, large, semi-evergreen shrub native to northern India and the eastern Himalayas. Some records include: 10 years - 10 x 10 feet; largest on record - 17 x 17 feet. Great at the back of a large shrub border and as a hedge.
The oval leaves are up to 1.5 x 0.7 inches in size. The foliage is glossy deep green above, lighter green and bristly hairy beneath. The leaves turn red in autumn.
The flowers, either single or in small cymes, are white with a pink tinge, borne in early summer.
They are followed by persistent red fruit up to 0.8 inches.
Hardy zone 5 to 8 in full sun to partial shade on well drained soil. Drought tolerant. Prune hedges late winters into early spring.

Cotoneaster splendens ( Sabrina Cotoneaster )
Also called Cotoneaster Sabrina. A very vigorous, dense, wide-spread, rounded deciduous shrub with bowed branches that is native to northwest China. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 4 feet; largest on record - 10 x 10 feet.
The elliptical leaves, up to 0.7 x o.5 inches in size.
The foliage is glossy bright green and hairy above, white felted beneath. The attractive fall color is usually intense red to red-purple but may also be orange.
The pinkish-white flowers are produced in cymes of 3 to 7.
They are followed by spectacular massed orange-red berries.
Hardy zone 4 to 8. A mountain plant in the wild, it enjoys the cool moist summer climate of the British Isles and the Pacific Northwest. It does not grow well in parts of the eastern U.S. where summers are hot and humid, where it can be prone to Fire Blight. Drought tolerant. Little pruning is needed.

Cotoneaster turbinatus
A rapid growing shrub. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 4 feet; largest on record - 17 + feet.
The leaves, up to 3.5 x 1.3 inches, are deep blue-green above, gray felted beneath.
The fruits are scarlet.
Hardy north to zone 7

Cotoneaster x watereri ( Waterer Cotoneaster )
A 3 way hybrid between Cotoneaster frigidus, C, rugosus and C. salicifolius.
It is a vigorous small evergreen tree. Some records include: fastest recorded growth rate - 3 feet; 5 years - 10 x 10 feet; 10 years - 17 x 17 feet; largest on record - 52 x 53 feet with a trunk diameter of 37 inches.
The heavily veined, oval leaves are up to 5 inches in length.
The foliage is deep green above and felted beneath.
The white flowers are borne in clusters, up to 3.2 inches across, during summer.
They are followed by round red berries that persist almost into the following spring.
Hardy zone 5 to 8